中考英语：搞定丢分率超高的定语从句(2)

　　（2）先行词为those时，关系代词宜用who。

　　【例1】Those who learn English with Yuantiku raise your hands.

　　解析：和小猿一起学过英语的你们在哪里？先行词those在定语从句中作主语，且先行词为“人”，所以引导词宜用who，而不用that。

　　（3）当先行词有较长的后置定语时，宜用who。

　　【例1】I met a foreigner in the street yesterday who could ask me questions in Chinese.

　　解析：小猿昨天在街上遇到一个会用汉语问问题的歪果仁（哇，好厉害的歪果仁）。先行词a foreigner的后置定语could ask me questions in Chinese较长，在定语从句中作主语，且先行词为“人”，所以引导词宜用who，而不用that。

　　（4）一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that, 另一个宜用who。

　　【例1】The boy that I met last night is the group leader who studies very hard.

　　解析：昨晚小猿遇到的那个男生就是那个学习非常用功的组长。我们可以把这句话拆成两个定语从句The boy that I met last night以及The boy is the group leader who studies very hard，前面那个从句的关系代词是that，后一个从句的关系代词就宜用who。

　　（5）在there be开头的句子中，宜用who。

　　【例1】There are many students who learn English with Yuantiku.

　　解析：小猿有很多一起学习英语的小伙伴，比如你，比如他。先行词students在定语从句中作主语，且先行词为“人”，句子以there are开头，所以引导词宜用who，而不用that。

　　1.3 关系代词 whom 的用法

　　whose是定语从句中一个常用的关系代词，它是关系代词who的所有格，在从句中作定语，也就是说当先行词与从句中某个名词有所属关系，表达“……的”意思时，用关系代词whose引导定语从句，它既可以指代人，也可以指代物，既可引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。

　　【例1】Mr. King, whose legs were badly hurt, was taken to the hospital.

　　金先生腿受重伤，被送进了医院。

　　【例2】They live in a room whose window opens to the south.

　　他们住在一间窗户朝南开的房间里。

　　A.whose短语在定语从句中有时可作介词宾语，即构成“介词＋whose＋名词”引导定语从句并在从句中作状语。

　　【例1】The boss in whose department Mr. King worked had heard about the accident.

　　金先生所在的工作部门领导人已经听说了这一意外事故。

　　【例2】He is the student of whose brother we are always proud.

　　他就是那个我们总是为他哥哥感到骄傲的学生。

　　B．whose引导定语从句时，通常可与of which/of whom引导的定语从句进行转换。

　　【例1】I made a table, the surface of which (of which the surface) is quite smooth.

　　解析：我做了张桌子，桌面很光滑。相当于I made a table, whose surface is quite smooth.

　　【例2】The professor of whom a daughter (a daughter of whom) has gone abroad is very famous in China.

　　那位女儿已经出国了的教授在国内很有名。相当于The professor whose daughter has gone abroad is very famous in China.

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